人类的音乐语法(2)

5. In other parts of the study, the music samples were annotated by listeners and translated into a musical staff,_________is a form of musical notation in Western cultures.

6. If there _________(be) no underlying principles of the human mind, there would not be these regularities.

7. Ethnomusicologist Elizabeth Tolbert of John Hopkins' Peabody Institute, who wasn't_________(involve) in the study, says that the research team “may be over-interpreting their results” by searching for common patterns in such a diverse variety of music.

8. We'd be glad for anyone to test our conclusions _________（use） an alternative method.

Ⅱ. 与“音乐”相关的表达

1. bop 博普舞会

2. melody 旋律

3. comfort sb's hearts 安慰心灵

4. calm sb down 使人平静下来

5. similar rhythms and tones 相似的节奏和音调

6. a universal language 通用语言

7. be used in similar contexts around the world 在世界各地类似的情况下使用

8. focus on music with lyrics 关注有歌词的音乐

9. feature vocal music 以声乐为特色

10. musical recordings 音乐记录

11. online amateur listeners 线上的业余听众

12. dance songs 舞曲

13. healing songs 治愈系歌曲

14. folk songs 民歌

15. love songs 情歌

16. a form of musical notation 一种音乐符号的形式

17. building block 组成部分

18. a musical grammar 音乐语法

19. underlying principles of the human mind 人类思想的潜原则

20. a diverse variety of music 多种多样的音乐

音乐是人类的共同语言，世界各地的音乐风格不同，但都能抚慰心灵，解去疲乏，振作精神。音乐具有这些共同功能的原因是什么呢？科学家们又对此进行了哪些研究？他们的研究有什么新的发现呢？ 能被广为接受吗？

本文是一篇说明文， 文章对音乐能成为人类共同语言这一现象进行了说明。 说明时，采用研究案例来说明和解释文章的主题，使用研究案例时，文章先给出了研究结果，紧接着介绍研究的过程，结果和引起的质疑。

Structure Paragraph（s） Main idea（s）Topic Para. 1 Similar rhythms and tones make music a universal Para. 2 Music is universal and similar songs are used in similar contexts around the Para. 3～Para. 4●The researchers observed ethnographic descriptions of music in 315 cultures worldwide.●Online amateur listeners were asked to categorize random music samples.●The music samples were annotated by listeners and translated into a musical staff.●The computer told different kinds of songs &reason Para. 5●Humans share a “musical grammar”.●Music is built from similar, simple building blocks the world Para. 6～Para. 8●The regularities of music being a universal language have something to do with underlying principles of the human mind.●Critics have raised doubt about the use of machine learning algorithms and Western notation.●The music database is open-access.

《吕氏春秋·本味》 中记载了伯牙与钟子期的故事：“伯牙善鼓琴,钟子期善听。 伯牙鼓琴,方鼓琴而志在太山,钟子期曰：‘善哉乎鼓琴，巍巍乎若太山! '少选之间，而志在流水,钟子期又曰：‘善哉乎鼓琴，汤汤乎若流水! ' 钟子期死,伯牙破琴绝弦,终身不复鼓琴，以为世无足复为鼓琴者。 ”

高山流水遇知音，伯牙子期千古传，可见音乐具有神奇的魔力。 言语文字可以作伪，可琴箫之音却是心声，做不得假。

古往今来，音乐作为一门世界语言，得到了人们无限的赞美：

Music is a good medicine for mental illness.

音乐是医治思想疾病的良药。

He who understands music can be free from all worldly troubles.

领悟音乐的人，能从一切世俗的烦恼中超脱出来。

When you are happy, you listen to music. When you are sad, you begin to understand the lyrics.

快乐的时候，你听的是音乐。 难过的时候，你开始懂得了歌词。

Those who really love music and appreciate music in their hearts are good people.

真正喜爱音乐且打心里欣赏音乐的人都是好人。

Music drifted past my ears like a letter from a postman that didn't belong to me.

音乐从我耳边飘过，就像邮差送来一封不属于我的信。

Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force.

音乐中蕴藏着如此悦耳的催人奋进的力量。

文章来源：《人类学学报》 网址: http://www.rlxxb.cn/qikandaodu/2021/0225/557.html